10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia

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10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia

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Senin, 01 Feb 2021 17:20 WIB

Magelang - Candi Borobodur diakui UNESCO sebagai Situs Warisan Dunia. Pemerintah pun berencana menjadikan Candi Borobudur sebagai rumah ibadat umat Buddha seluruh dunia.

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta pertama Candi Borobudur ditemukan oleh Gubernur Jenderal Inggris. Sebelum ramai dikunjungi wisatawan seperti saat ini, Candi Borobudur ternyata sempat terbengkalai. Hal itu disebutkan dalam buku The History of Java yang dituliskan Gubernur Jenderal Inggris di Jawa yakni Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles.Β  Dalam buku itu, Raffles mengatakan ia menemukan gundukan bebatuan besar yang terkubur di tanah dan tertutup semak belukar pada tahun 1814. Ia pun memerintahkan agar dilakukan pembersihan agar Candi Borobudur ini dapat dipelajari. Getty Images/Ulet Ifansasti Β 

Sejumlah biksu tengah melakukan ritual doa pagi Waisak 2018 di Candi Borobudur. Doa tersebut diikuti para biksu dan umat Budha.

Fakta kedua, Setelah dipelajari, Candi Borobudur rupanya merupakan peninggalan Kerajaan Mataram Kuno yang dibangun pada masa pemerintahan Raja Samaratungga dari wangsa Syailendra. Pembangunan candi ini diperkirakan dilakukan antara abad ke-8 dan ke-9 Masehi. Dalam catatan seseorang bernama Hudaya Kandahjaya yang terdapat pada Prasasti Kayumwungan, Candi Borobudur selesai dibangun pada 26 Mei tahun 824. Masa pembangunannya pun hampir 100 tahun sejak proyek itu pertama kali dimulai. ANTARA FOTO/Andreas Fitri Atmoko Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta ketiga, Candi Borobudur yang megah dibangun bukan di lokasi sembarangan. Candi Borobudur diapit empat gunung yaitu Gunung Merapi, Gunung Merbabu, Gunung Sindoro, dan Gunung Sindoro. Selain itu ada dua aliran sungai yang juga mengelilinginya yakni Sungai Elo dan Sungai Progo.Β  Di samping itu, posisi Candi Borobudur rupanya berada di satu garis lurus dengan Candi Pawon dan Candi Mendut. Ketiganya memang menjadi satu kesatuan dan sama-sama merupakan candi bercorak Buddha Mahayana. Getty Images/Ulet Ifansasti Β 

Beautiful Borobudur temple aerial photo in golden hours

Fakta keempat, Arsitektur Candi Borobudur didesain oleh seseorang bernama Gunadharma. Candi yang berbentuk piramida berundak tersebut dibangun menggunakan batu andesit yang jumlahnya diperkirakan mencapai 2 juta buah. iStock Β 

Relief Candi Borobudur

Fakta kelima, Candi Borobudur yang berukuran 123 meter x 123 meter dengan tinggi asli 42 meter, memiliki 2.672 pahatan relief, di mana 1.460 relief bercerita tentang kehidupan. Cerita itu dibagi dalam tiga bagian. Eko Susanto/detikcom Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 10: Tourists at Borobudur temple during celebrations for Vesak Day on May 10, 2017 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Buddhists in Indonesia celebrate Vesak at the Borobudur temple annually, which makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. It is observed during the full moon in May or June, with the ceremony centered at three Buddhist temples by walking from Mendut to Pawon and ending at Borobudur. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Pada bagian kaki atau kamadatu memiliki relief yang menggambarkan kehidupan manusia yang penuh nafsu. Kemudian naik ke bagian selanjutnya yakni badan atau rupadatu, memiliki relief lalitavistara, jataka, dan awadana yang mengisahkan tentang kehidupan Sidharta Gautama, dan bagian puncak atau arupadatu dibiarkan terbuka. Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta keenam, Candi Borobudur ini diperkirakan dibangun di atas danau purba. Hal itu disampaikan seniman dan arsitek Hindu Buddha W.O.J Nieuwenkamp. Menurutnya, Candi Borobudur melambangkan bunga teratai yang mengapung di atas danau. Dugaan itu diperkuat dengan bukti terendamnya bagian dasar candi pada abad ke-13 dan ke-14. Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta ketujuh candi ini beberapa kali dihantam bencana alam. Berdiri di lokasi yang dikelilingi pegunungan memang membuat Candi Borobudur tak lepas dari dampak gunung meletus. Saat Gunung Merapi meletus pada 2010, Candi Borobudur sempat tertutup debu vulkanik yang tebalnya mencapai 2,5 centimeter. Candi Borobudur juga beberapa kali terkena imbas gempa Yogyakarta pada 2006 dan 2010 silam. Akibatnya, terjadi beberapa kerusakan kecil di tubuh Candi Borobudur dan harus dilakukan pemugaran. Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images Β 

Pengunjung mengamati foto-foto Candi Borobudur dan Prambanan yang dipamerkan di Gedung A Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, Selasa (30/8). Pameran foto yang menampilkan 25 karya yang merekam Candi Borobudur dan Prambanan itu digelar untuk memperingati 25 tahun penetapan Candi Borobudur dan Prambanan sebagai warisan dunia oleh UNESCO. (Foto: Rachman Haryanto/detikcom)

Fakta kedelapan pernah diserang bom. Sebanyak 9 stupa Candi Borobudur pernah mengalami kerusakan parah usai dibom pada 21 Januari 1985. Otak pengeboman itu adalah Mohammad Jawad sedangkan eksekutornya adalah Abdulkadir Ali Alhabsyi dan Husein Ali Alhabsyi. Peristiwa itu masuk dalam kategori terorisme bermotif jihad. Para eksekutor telah dijatuhi hukuman seumur hidup. Rachman Haryanto/detikcom Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta kesembilan, Candi Borobudur rupanya memiliki hubungan dengan astronomi. Dalam tulisan Ni Made Ayu Surayuwanti Putri berjudul Aspek Astronomi dalam Candi Borobudur, dijelaskan bahwa 9 buah relief di candi itu menggambarkan berbagai jenis perahu layar yang tengah berlajar. Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images Β 

MAGELANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA - MAY 07: A view of empty Borobudur temple as it's closed for public, following the Council of Buddhist Communities (Walubi) has called on Buddhists to worship at home and has prohibited any public processions at the temples to curb the spread of the coronavirus on May 7, 2020 in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. In the Borobudur and Mendut Buddhist temple where large services normally take place annually, thousands of Buddhist monks and followers would have lined up at the venue, and makes it the most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia. The stages of life of Buddhism's founder, Gautama Buddha, which are celebrated at Vesak are his birth, enlightenment to Nirvana, and his passing (Parinirvana). Indonesia is struggling to contain hundreds of new daily cases of coronavirus, officials have so far confirmed over 12,500 cases of COVID-19 in the country with at least 930 recorded fatalities. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to at least 200 countries and territories around the world, claiming over 250,000 lives and infecting over 3.6 million. (Photo by Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images)

Fakta terakhir, Candi Borobudur menjadi lokasi favorit perayaan Waisak. Selain menjadi cagar budaya yang dikunjungi wisatawan, Candi Borobudur juga digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah umat Buddha. Candi Borobudur akan ramai dikunjungi umat Buddha ketika hari raya Waisak, di mana di sana dilaksanakan upacara dan ditutup dengan festival lampion. Ulet Ifansasti/Getty Images Β 

10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
10 Fakta Borobudur Akan Jadi Rumah Ibadat Umat Buddha Dunia
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